DBMS > CouchDB vs. Dgraph vs. etcd vs. eXtremeDB vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Dgraph vs. etcd vs. eXtremeDB vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

A distributed reliable key-value store

Natively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clustering

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Document store

Graph DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	8.30
Rank	#47	Overall
	#7	Document stores

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	7.03
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	0.80
Rank	#214	Overall
	#99	Relational DBMS
	#18	Time Series DBMS

Score	130.36
Rank	#8	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Website

couchdb.apache.org

dgraph.io

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

www.mcobject.com

www.snowflake.com

Technical documentation

docs.couchdb.org/en/stable

dgraph.io/docs

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

www.mcobject.com/docs/extremedb.htm

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

McObject

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

2005

2016

2001

2014

Current release

3.3.3, December 2023

3.4, August 2019

8.2, 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Erlang

C and C++

Server operating systems

Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

support of XML interfaces available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with the option: eXtremeSQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions in JavaScript

yes

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

yes, watching key changes

yes

by defining events

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

improved architecture with release 2.0

yes

horizontal partitioning / sharding

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Synchronous replication via Raft

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

Active Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication

by means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication

by means of eXtremeDB High Availability option

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

atomic operations within a single document possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

strategy: optimistic locking

yes

Optimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies available

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Planned for future releases

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

eXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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Competitive advantages

eXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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Typical application scenarios

IoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
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Key customers

Schneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
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Market metrics

With hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
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Licensing and pricing models

For server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
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