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DBMS > CouchDB vs. Dgraph vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. IBM Db2

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Dgraph vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. IBM Db2

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMSCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Common in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/Linux
Primary database modelDocument storeGraph DBMSDocument storeKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDB
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score128.46
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Websitecouchdb.apache.orgdgraph.iofirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasecloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.ibm.com/­products/­db2
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledgraph.io/­docsfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasecloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerDgraph Labs, Inc.Google infoacquired by Google 2014GoogleIBM
Initial release20052016201220151983 infohost version
Current release3.3.3, December 202312.1, October 2016
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialcommercial infofree version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangGoC and C++
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonononoyes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptnolimited functionality with using 'rules'noyes
TriggersyesnoCallbacks are triggered when data changesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0yesShardingSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux Version
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Synchronous replication via RaftInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDyesAtomic single-row operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseno infoPlanned for future releasesyes, based on authentication and database rulesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"DgraphFirebase Realtime DatabaseGoogle Cloud BigtableIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2
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