DBMS > CouchDB vs. Datomic vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. RocksDB vs. UniData,UniVerse

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Datomic vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. RocksDB vs. UniData,UniVerse

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

MultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilities

Primary database model

Document store

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Wide column store

Key-value store

Multivalue DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	8.30
Rank	#47	Overall
	#7	Document stores

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	3.15
Rank	#95	Overall
	#14	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	3.41
Rank	#86	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Score	2.85
Rank	#98	Overall
	#1	Multivalue DBMS

Website

couchdb.apache.org

www.datomic.com

cloud.google.com/bigtable

rocksdb.org

www.rocketsoftware.com/products/rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/rocket-unidata

Technical documentation

docs.couchdb.org/en/stable

docs.datomic.com

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

docs.rocketsoftware.com/bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidata

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developer

Cognitect

Google

Facebook, Inc.

Rocket Software

Initial release

2005

2012

2015

2013

1985

Current release

3.3.3, December 2023

1.0.7075, December 2023

9.2.1, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

Open Source

BSD

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Erlang

Java, Clojure

C++

Server operating systems

Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

optional

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

RESTful HTTP API

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

C++ API
Java API

Java API

JPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk

Clojure
Java

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

.Net
Basic

U2 Basic
C
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions in JavaScript

yes

Transaction Functions

yes

Triggers

yes

By using transaction functions

yes

U2 Basic

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

improved architecture with release 2.0

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

yes

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

atomic operations within a single document possible

ACID

Atomic single-row operations

yes

ACID

configurable

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

strategy: optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based

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