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DBMS > CouchDB vs. Datomic vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. PouchDB

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Datomic vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. PouchDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonPouchDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformJavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document storeDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score2.28
Rank#115  Overall
#21  Document stores
Websitecouchdb.apache.orgwww.datomic.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastorepouchdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.datomic.comapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docspouchdb.com/­guides
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerCognitectFoundationDBGoogleApache Software Foundation
Initial release20052012201320082012
Current release3.3.3, December 20231.0.6735, June 20236.2.28, November 20207.1.1, June 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangJava, ClojureC++JavaScript
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesno infosome layers support typingyes, details hereno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyesnoyesyes infovia views
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonosupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query language (GQL)no
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIRESTful HTTP APIgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HTTP REST infoonly for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Clojure
Java
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptyes infoTransaction Functionsin SQL-layer onlyusing Google App EngineView functions in JavaScript
TriggersyesBy using transaction functionsnoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingShardingSharding infowith a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyesMulti-source replication using PaxosMulti-source replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoin SQL-layer onlyyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactionsno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes infoby using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databasenonoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)no

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More resources
CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"DatomicFoundationDBGoogle Cloud DatastorePouchDB
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