DBMS > CockroachDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak TS vs. Spark SQL vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak TS vs. Spark SQL vs. Transbase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

Widely used open source RDBMS

Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL

Riak TS is a distributed NoSQL database optimized for time series data and based on Riak KV

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

A resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

with pgvector extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	6.15
Rank	#55	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	645.54
Rank	#4	Overall
	#4	Relational DBMS

Score	0.20
Rank	#319	Overall
	#27	Time Series DBMS

Score	18.96
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#341	Overall
	#150	Relational DBMS

Website

www.cockroachlabs.com

www.postgresql.org

spark.apache.org/sql

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase.html

Technical documentation

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

www.postgresql.org/docs

www.tiot.jp/riak-docs/riak/ts/latest

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase/features.html

Developer

Cockroach Labs

PostgreSQL Global Development Group

www.postgresql.org/developer

Open Source, formerly Basho Technologies

Apache Software Foundation

Transaction Software GmbH

Initial release

2015

1989

1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL

2015

2014

1987

Current release

23.1.1, May 2023

16.3, May 2024

3.0.0, September 2022

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

Transbase 8.3, 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

free development license

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Erlang

Scala

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS
Windows

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Linux
OS X

Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

dynamic schema

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

yes

standard with numerous extensions

yes, limited

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

unofficial client library
C#
C++

unofficial client library
Clojure

unofficial client library
Dart

unofficial client library
Erlang
Go

unofficial client library
Groovy

unofficial client library
Haskell

unofficial client library
Java
JavaScript

unofficial client library
Lisp

unofficial client library
Perl

unofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

unofficial client library
Smalltalk

unofficial client library

Java
Python
R
Scala

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Erlang

yes

Triggers

yes

pre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

Sharding

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

selectable replication factor

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

links between datasets can be stored

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

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