DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Oracle vs. Raima Database Manager vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Oracle vs. Raima Database Manager vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

Widely used RDBMS

RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into an application or used as a database server

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	6.15
Rank	#55	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	0.46
Rank	#259	Overall
	#120	Relational DBMS
	#22	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.02
Rank	#123	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

www.cockroachlabs.com

www.oracle.com/database

raima.com

www.stardog.com

Technical documentation

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

docs.oracle.com/en/database

docs.raima.com

docs.stardog.com

Developer

Cockroach Labs

Oracle

Raima Inc.

Stardog-Union

Initial release

2015

1980

1984

2010

Current release

23.1.1, May 2023

23c, September 2023

15, June 2021

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Android
HP-UX
Integrity RTOS
iOS
Linux
OS X
QNX
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

dynamic schema

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Exporting/Importing of XML structures possible

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

.Net
C
C++
Objective-C
PL/SQL

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

yes

based on the ANSI/ISO SQL Persistent Stored Modules (PSM) specification

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Raima Database Manager (RDM) is an embedded time-series database optimized to run...
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Competitive advantages

Decreased time-to-market Industry-standard interfaces & tools for making your job...
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Typical application scenarios

Typical use cases include: Internet of Things (IoT) Embedded In-Memory Database Time-Series...
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Key customers

Infor, ABB, The Boeing Company, BAE Systems, Dow Jones, Dun & Bradstreet, Fujitsu,...
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Market metrics

Over 30 000 applications developers worldwide have field-tested RDM products More...
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Licensing and pricing models

Just as the technical aspects of Raima Database Manager are flexible, so are the...
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News

Raima Unveils RaimaDB 16.0: Elevating Database Performance and User Experience
29 February 2024

Raima Announces Release of Raima Database Manager (RDM) v15, a Powerful Embedded Time Series Database
10 June 2021

Raima Announces Release of Raima Database Manager (RDM) v14.2, a Powerful IoT Edge Embedded Database
8 October 2020

Raima Joins BlackBerry QNX Channel Partner Program to Deliver Safety-Critical and Secure Software Solutions
1 October 2020

Raima Expands Their Reseller Network in Asia
19 May 2020

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.