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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. NuoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. RavenDB vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. NuoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. RavenDB vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.92
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasewww.postgresql.orgravendb.netwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdoc.nuodb.comwww.postgresql.org/­docsravendb.net/­docsdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperCockroach LabsDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerHibernating RhinosStardog-Union
Initial release201520131989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20102010
Current release23.1.1, May 202316.3, May 20245.4, July 20227.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC++CC#Java
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemayesyesschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (RQL)Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJDBCADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava, SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnoyesyesyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infotunable commit protocolACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoTemporary tablenoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per databaseAccess rights for users and roles

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CockroachDBNuoDBPostgreSQLRavenDBStardog
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