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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Neo4j vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Spark SQL vs. TempoIQ

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Neo4j vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Spark SQL vs. TempoIQ

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB  Xexclude from comparison
TempoIQ seems to be decommissioned. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsWidely used in-process key-value storeSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingScalable analytics DBMS for sensor data, provided as a service (SaaS)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.73
Rank#58  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score2.01
Rank#126  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comneo4j.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlspark.apache.org/­sqltempoiq.com (offline)
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsneo4j.com/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperCockroach LabsNeo4j, Inc.Oracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleApache Software FoundationTempoIQ
Initial release20152007199420142012
Current release24.1.0, May 20245.20, May 202418.1.40, May 20203.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageGoJava, ScalaC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)Scala
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemaschema-free and schema-optionalschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionnono
Secondary indexesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnoyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableSQL-like DML and DDL statementsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBCBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Java
Python
R
Scala
C#
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsnonono
Triggersnoyes infovia event handleryes infoonly for the SQL APInoyes infoRealtime Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTyes using Neo4j Fabricnoneyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)nonosimple authentication-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
CockroachDBNeo4jOracle Berkeley DBSpark SQLTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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