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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. LevelDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. RavenDB vs. SAP IQ

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. LevelDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. RavenDB vs. SAP IQ

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQ  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseColumnar RDBMS optimized for Big Data analytics
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document storeRelational DBMS infocolumn-oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.73
Rank#58  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score2.64
Rank#108  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.postgresql.orgravendb.netwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-iq-big-data-management.html
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdwww.postgresql.org/­docsravendb.net/­docshelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_IQ
DeveloperCockroach LabsGooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerHibernating RhinosSAP, formerly Sybase
Initial release201520111989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20101994
Current release24.1.0, May 20241.23, February 202116.3, May 20245.4, July 202216.1 SPS04, April 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
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Implementation languageGoC++CC#
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemaschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (RQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsJDBCADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesyes
Triggersnonoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardingshared disk or shared nothing architectures with SAP IQ Multiplexer
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replicationSAP/Sybase Replication Server
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesHadoop integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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