DBMS > CockroachDB vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. MySQL vs. NuoDB

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. MySQL vs. NuoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilities

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Widely used open source RDBMS

NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	6.15
Rank	#55	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#291	Overall
	#41	Key-value stores
	#132	Relational DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	1083.74
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	0.89
Rank	#198	Overall
	#92	Relational DBMS

Website

www.cockroachlabs.com

www.leanxcale.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.mysql.com

www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database

Technical documentation

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

dev.mysql.com/doc

doc.nuodb.com

Developer

Cockroach Labs

LeanXcale

Microsoft

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Dassault Systèmes

originally NuoDB, Inc.

Initial release

2015

2014

1995

2013

Current release

23.1.1, May 2023

8.4.0, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

commercial

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

commercial

limited edition free

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

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Implementation language

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS
Windows

hosted

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

dynamic schema

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

yes

through Apache Derby

SQL-like query language

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

C
Java
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

JavaScript

yes

proprietary syntax

Java, SQL

Triggers

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Managed transparently by NuoDB

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

tunable commit protocol

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

MVCC

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Temporary table

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

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