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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. IRONdb vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDF4J vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. IRONdb vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDF4J vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonIRONdb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.A distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicityWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.RDF storeGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comwww.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/www.postgresql.orgrdf4j.orgtypedb.com
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-startedwww.postgresql.org/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentationtypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperCockroach LabsCirconus LLC.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Vaticle
Initial release201520171989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20042016
Current release23.1.1, May 2023V0.10.20, January 201816.2, February 20242.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageGoC and C++CJavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
LinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemaschema-freeyesyes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infotext, numeric, histogramsyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLSQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)yes infostandard with numerous extensionsnono
APIs and other access methodsJDBCHTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
PHP
Python
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes, in Luauser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesno
Triggersnonoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTAutomatic, metric affinity per nodepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnoneSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTconfigurable replication factor, datacenter awareSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodesImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
CockroachDBIRONdbPostgreSQLRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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More resources
CockroachDBIRONdbPostgreSQLRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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