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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Memgraph vs. NebulaGraph vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Memgraph vs. NebulaGraph vs. Vitess

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMemgraph  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4jA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score3.02
Rank#98  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score0.82
Rank#209  Overall
#97  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comcloud.google.com/­spannermemgraph.comgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
vitess.io
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsmemgraph.com/­docsdocs.nebula-graph.iovitess.io/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterFacebookGitHubDiscord
DeveloperCockroach LabsGoogleMemgraph LtdVesoft Inc.The Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release20152017201720192013
Current release23.1.1, May 202315.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoBSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC and C++C++Go
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
hostedLinuxLinuxDocker
Linux
macOS
Data schemedynamic schemayesschema-free and schema-optionalStrong typed schemayes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noSQL-like query languageyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBCgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functionsyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingSharding infodynamic graph partitioningShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication using RAFTCausal Clustering using Raft protocolMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes inforelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID infowith snapshot isolationACIDACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changesyes infousing RocksDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Users, roles and permissionsRole-based access controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles
More information provided by the system vendor
CockroachDBGoogle Cloud SpannerMemgraphNebulaGraphVitess
Specific characteristicsMemgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more
NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesBusiness Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more
NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosGraph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more
Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsYou can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more
NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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More resources
CockroachDBGoogle Cloud SpannerMemgraphNebulaGraphVitess
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