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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. NebulaGraph vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. NebulaGraph vs. Vitess

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.73
Rank#58  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score0.88
Rank#203  Overall
#95  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comcloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
vitess.io
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.nebula-graph.iovitess.io/­docs
DeveloperCockroach LabsGoogleVesoft Inc.The Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release2015201720192013
Current release24.1.0, May 202415.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC++Go
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
hostedLinuxDocker
Linux
macOS
Data schemedynamic schemayesStrong typed schemayes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query languageyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBCgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functionsyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Causal Clustering using Raft protocolMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles
More information provided by the system vendor
CockroachDBGoogle Cloud SpannerNebulaGraphVitess
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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More resources
CockroachDBGoogle Cloud SpannerNebulaGraphVitess
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