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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. NebulaGraph vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. NebulaGraph vs. OrientDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.73
Rank#58  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comcloud.google.com/­datastoregithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
orientdb.org
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docscloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.nebula-graph.iowww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperCockroach LabsGoogleVesoft Inc.OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release2015200820192010
Current release24.1.0, May 20243.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++Java
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
hostedLinuxAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemedynamic schemaschema-freeStrong typed schemaschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, details hereyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLSQL-like query language (GQL)SQL-like query languageSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsJDBCgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnousing Google App Engineuser defined functionsJava, Javascript
TriggersnoCallbacks using the Google Apps EngineHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTMulti-source replication using PaxosCausal Clustering using Raft protocolMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyes infoRelationships in graphsyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable
More information provided by the system vendor
CockroachDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreNebulaGraphOrientDB
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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CockroachDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreNebulaGraphOrientDB
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