DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. NebulaGraph vs. Newts

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. NebulaGraph vs. Newts

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	6.10
Rank	#58	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	61.90
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	2.12
Rank	#125	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#396	Overall
	#42	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.cockroachlabs.com

cloud.google.com/bigquery

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

opennms.github.io/newts

Technical documentation

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

docs.nebula-graph.io

github.com/OpenNMS/newts/wiki

Developer

Cockroach Labs

Google

Vesoft Inc.

OpenNMS Group

Initial release

2015

2010

2019

2014

Current release

23.1.1, May 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS
Windows

hosted

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

dynamic schema

yes

Strong typed schema

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

SQL

Support of SQL

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

HTTP REST
Java API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in JavaScript

user defined functions

Triggers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

none

Sharding

based on Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

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Key customers

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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
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