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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. GBase vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. GBase vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonGBase  Xexclude from comparisonMemgraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Widely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4jFully managed big data interactive analytics platformDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score1.07
Rank#185  Overall
#86  Relational DBMS
Score3.02
Rank#98  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comwww.gbase.cnmemgraph.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­database
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsmemgraph.com/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterFacebookGitHubDiscord
DeveloperCockroach LabsGeneral Data Technology Co., Ltd.Memgraph LtdMicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release20152004201720192010
Current release23.1.1, May 2023GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8ccloud service with continuous releasesV12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoBSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition availablecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC, Java, PythonC and C++C++
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
LinuxLinuxhostedhosted
Data schemedynamic schemayesschema-free and schema-optionalFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLStandard with numerous extensionsnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBCADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C#.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQL
Triggersnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFThorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningSharding infodynamic graph partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTyesMulti-source replication using RAFTyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes inforelationships in graphsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infowith snapshot isolationnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlyesUsers, roles and permissionsAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
CockroachDBGBaseMemgraphMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
Specific characteristicsMemgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more
Competitive advantagesBusiness Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more
Typical application scenariosGraph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsYou can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more

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More resources
CockroachDBGBaseMemgraphMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
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