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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. YottaDB vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. YottaDB vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonYottaDB  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A fast and solid embedded Key-value storeHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS infousing the Octo pluginDocument store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.73
Rank#58  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score0.28
Rank#306  Overall
#44  Key-value stores
Score2.63
Rank#109  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.h2database.comyottadb.comwww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlyottadb.com/­resources/­documentationdocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperCockroach LabsFoundationDBThomas MuellerYottaDB, LLCYugabyte Inc.
Initial release20152013200520012017
Current release24.1.0, May 20246.2.28, November 20202.2.220, July 20232.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoAGPL 3.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageGoC++JavaCC and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMDocker
Linux
Linux
OS X
Data schemedynamic schemaschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-freedepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesby using the Octo pluginyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsJDBCJDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol infousing the Octo plugin
Proprietary protocol
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
JavaC
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
M
Perl
Python
Rust
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlyJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes infosql, plpgsql, C
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingnoneHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyesBased on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyStrong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesin SQL-layer onlyyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDoptimistic lockingDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers and groups based on OS-security mechanismsyes
More information provided by the system vendor
CockroachDBFoundationDBH2YottaDBYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsYugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
» more
Competitive advantagesPostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
» more
Typical application scenariosSystems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
» more
Market metrics2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache 2.0 license for the database
» more

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More resources
CockroachDBFoundationDBH2YottaDBYugabyteDB
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