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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Datomic vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDF4J vs. SAP Adaptive Server

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Datomic vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDF4J vs. SAP Adaptive Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.The SAP (Sybase) Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) is an enterprise-class RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.RDF storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS infowith Boeing's Spatial Query Server
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score36.31
Rank#25  Overall
#17  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comwww.datomic.comwww.postgresql.orgrdf4j.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-ase.html
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.datomic.comwww.postgresql.org/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentationhelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_ASE
DeveloperCockroach LabsCognitectPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.SAP, Sybase
Initial release201520121989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20041987
Current release23.1.1, May 20231.0.6735, June 202316.3, May 202416.0
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJava, ClojureCJavaC and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemayesyesyes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBCRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Clojure
Java
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
PHP
Python
C
C++
Cobol
Java
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoTransaction Functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesJava and Transact-SQL
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peerspartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnonehorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentno
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CockroachDBDatomicPostgreSQLRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE
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