DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Datomic vs. MariaDB vs. Memgraph vs. Sequoiadb

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Datomic vs. MariaDB vs. Memgraph vs. Sequoiadb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4j

NewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Document store
Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	5.73
Rank	#58	Overall
	#34	Relational DBMS

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	91.04
Rank	#13	Overall
	#9	Relational DBMS

Score	3.19
Rank	#94	Overall
	#8	Graph DBMS

Score	0.50
Rank	#258	Overall
	#41	Document stores
	#120	Relational DBMS

Website

www.cockroachlabs.com

www.datomic.com

mariadb.com

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

memgraph.com

www.sequoiadb.com

Technical documentation

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

docs.datomic.com

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

memgraph.com/docs

www.sequoiadb.com/en/index.php?m=Files&a=index

Social network pages

Developer

Cockroach Labs

Cognitect

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

Memgraph Ltd

Sequoiadb Ltd.

Initial release

2015

2012

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2017

2013

Current release

24.1.0, May 2024

1.0.7075, December 2023

11.3.2, February 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

Open Source

BSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition available

Open Source

Server: AGPL; Client: Apache V2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.

Implementation language

Java, Clojure

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

Linux

Data scheme

dynamic schema

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

schema-free and schema-optional

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

oid, date, timestamp, binary, regex

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language

proprietary protocol using JSON

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

Clojure
Java

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

JavaScript

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

Sharding

dynamic graph partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

with snapshot isolation

Document is locked during a transaction

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

with periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users, roles and permissions

simple password-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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Memgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
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Competitive advantages

MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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Business Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
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Typical application scenarios

Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
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Key customers

Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Market metrics

MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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Licensing and pricing models

MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
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You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
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