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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Datomic vs. Dgraph vs. H2GIS vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Datomic vs. Dgraph vs. H2GIS vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonH2GIS  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSSpatial extension of H2Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comwww.datomic.comdgraph.iowww.h2gis.orgwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.datomic.comdgraph.io/­docswww.h2gis.org/­docs/­homewww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperCockroach LabsCognitectDgraph Labs, Inc.CNRSPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20152012201620131989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release23.1.1, May 20231.0.6735, June 202316.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoLGPL 3.0Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJava, ClojureGoJavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemayesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnonoyesyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBCRESTful HTTP APIGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Clojure
Java
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoTransaction Functionsnoyes infobased on H2user defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyesnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSynchronous replication via Raftyes infobased on H2Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlnono infoPlanned for future releasesyes infobased on H2fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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CockroachDBDatomicDgraphH2GISPostgreSQL
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