DBMS > Cloudflare Workers KV vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. mSQL

System Properties Comparison Cloudflare Workers KV vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. mSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A global, low-latency, key-value store for applications on Cloudflare with exceptionally high read volumes and low-latency.

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

mSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMS

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.39
Rank	#274	Overall
	#39	Key-value stores

Score	2.84
Rank	#100	Overall
	#51	Relational DBMS

Score	0.31
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1.27
Rank	#169	Overall
	#76	Relational DBMS

Website

www.cloudflare.com/developer-platform/workers-kv

cloud.google.com/spanner

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

hughestech.com.au/products/msql

Technical documentation

developers.cloudflare.com/kv/api

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

docs.immudb.io

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

Cloudflare

Google

Codenotary

Microsoft

Hughes Technologies

Initial release

2018

2017

2020

1989

1994

Current release

1.2.3, April 2022

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

4.4, October 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

free licenses can be provided

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

SQL-like syntax

yes

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

no subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggers

APIs and other access methods

HTTP REST
Proprietary protocol

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C
C++
Dart
JavaScript
Kotlin
Python
Rust
Scala

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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