DBMS > ClickHouse vs. eXtremeDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. QuestDB vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison ClickHouse vs. eXtremeDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. QuestDB vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.

Natively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clustering

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

A high performance open source SQL database for time series data

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Time Series DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.20
Rank	#37	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	0.73
Rank	#227	Overall
	#104	Relational DBMS
	#18	Time Series DBMS

Score	78.40
Rank	#15	Overall
	#10	Relational DBMS

Score	2.48
Rank	#115	Overall
	#9	Time Series DBMS

Score	19.15
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

clickhouse.com

www.mcobject.com

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

questdb.io

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

clickhouse.com/docs

www.mcobject.com/docs/extremedb.htm

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

questdb.io/docs

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Clickhouse Inc.

McObject

Microsoft

QuestDB Technology Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2016

2001

2010

2014

Current release

v24.3.2.23-lts, April 2024

8.2, 2021

V12

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

ClickHouse Cloud: Get the performance you love from open source ClickHouse in a serverless offering that takes care of the details so you can spend more time getting insight out of the fastest database on earth.
Aiven for Clickhouse: Managed cloud data warehousing with high-speed analytics.
DoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

C++

Java (Zero-GC), C++, Rust

Scala

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

support of XML interfaces available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

yes

with the option: eXtremeSQL

yes

SQL with time-series extensions

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol

.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

3rd party library
C++
Elixir

3rd party library
Go

3rd party library
Java

3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party library
Kotlin

3rd party library
Nim

3rd party library
Perl

3rd party library
PHP

3rd party library
Python

3rd party library
R

3rd party library
Ruby

3rd party library
Rust
Scala

3rd party library

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

PostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

over HTTP

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL

Triggers

yes

by defining events

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

key based and custom

horizontal partitioning / sharding

horizontal partitioning (by timestamps)

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.

Active Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication

by means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication

by means of eXtremeDB High Availability option

yes, with always 3 replicas available

Source-replica replication with eventual consistency

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID for single-table writes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies available

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

through memory mapped files

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

eXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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Relational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
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Competitive advantages

eXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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High ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
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Typical application scenarios

IoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
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Financial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
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Key customers

Schneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
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Banks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
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Market metrics

With hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
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Licensing and pricing models

For server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
» more

Open source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.