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DBMS > ClickHouse vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ScyllaDB

System Properties Comparison ClickHouse vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ScyllaDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameClickHouse  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonScyllaDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerCassandra and DynamoDB compatible wide column store
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSRelational DBMSWide column store
Secondary database modelsTime Series DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Key-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score15.55
Rank#38  Overall
#23  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score4.08
Rank#76  Overall
#5  Wide column stores
Websiteclickhouse.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.scylladb.com
Technical documentationclickhouse.com/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.scylladb.com
DeveloperClickhouse Inc.MicrosoftMicrosoftMicrosoftScyllaDB
Initial release20162019201020162015
Current releasev24.4.1.2088-stable, May 2024cloud service with continuous releasesV12ScyllaDB Open Source 5.4.1, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoOpen Source (AGPL), commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
  • ClickHouse Cloud: Get the performance you love from open source ClickHouse in a serverless offering that takes care of the details so you can spend more time getting insight out of the fastest database on earth.
  • DoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale.
  • Aiven for Clickhouse: Managed cloud data warehousing with high-speed analytics.
Scylla Cloud: Create real-time applications that run at global scale with Scylla Cloud, the industry’s most powerful NoSQL DBaaS
Implementation languageC++C++C++C++
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
macOS
hostedhostedhostedLinux
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyesyes infocluster global secondary indices
SQL infoSupport of SQLClose to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesyesSQL-like DML and DDL statements (CQL)
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol (CQL) infocompatible with CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Thrift
Supported programming languagesC# info3rd party library
C++
Elixir info3rd party library
Go info3rd party library
Java info3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party library
Kotlin info3rd party library
Nim info3rd party library
Perl info3rd party library
PHP info3rd party library
Python info3rd party library
R info3rd party library
Ruby info3rd party library
Rust
Scala info3rd party library
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
For CQL interface: C#, C++, Clojure, Erlang, Go, Haskell, Java, JavaScript, Node.js, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, Rust, Scala
For DynamoDB interface: .Net, ColdFusion, Erlang, Groovy, Java, JavaScript, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQLTransact SQLyes, Lua
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeskey based and customSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesAsynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes, with always 3 replicas availableyesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possible
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Tunable Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infoin-memory tables
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.Azure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesAccess rights for users can be defined per object
More information provided by the system vendor
ClickHouseMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseScyllaDB
Specific characteristicsScyllaDB is engineered to deliver predictable performance at scale. It’s adopted...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly-performant (efficiently utilizes full resources of a node and network; millions...
» more
Typical application scenariosScyllaDB is ideal for applications that require high throughput and low latency at...
» more
Key customersDiscord, Epic Games, Expedia, Zillow, Comcast, Disney+ Hotstar, Samsung, ShareChat,...
» more
Market metricsScyllaDB typically offers ~75% total cost of ownership savings, with ~5X higher throughput...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsScyllaDB Open Source - free open source software (AGPL) ScyllaDB Enterprise - subscription-based...
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesDoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale.
» more

Aiven for Clickhouse: Managed cloud data warehousing with high-speed analytics.
» more

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
ClickHouseMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseScyllaDB
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