DBMS > ClickHouse vs. H2 vs. HBase vs. JanusGraph vs. MonetDB

System Properties Comparison ClickHouse vs. H2 vs. HBase vs. JanusGraph vs. MonetDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

A Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters

It was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017

A relational database management system that stores data in columns

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Time Series DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	15.55
Rank	#38	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	27.97
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	2.02
Rank	#125	Overall
	#12	Graph DBMS

Score	1.72
Rank	#141	Overall
	#64	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

clickhouse.com/docs

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

hbase.apache.org/book.html

docs.janusgraph.org

www.monetdb.org/Documentation

Developer

Clickhouse Inc.

Thomas Mueller

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Linux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by Aurelius

MonetDB BV

Initial release

2016

2005

2008

2017

2004

Current release

v24.4.1.2088-stable, May 2024

2.2.220, July 2023

2.3.4, January 2021

0.6.3, February 2023

Dec2023 (11.49), December 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Mozilla Public License 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

DoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale.
Aiven for Clickhouse: Managed cloud data warehousing with high-speed analytics.
ClickHouse Cloud: Get the performance you love from open source ClickHouse in a serverless offering that takes care of the details so you can spend more time getting insight out of the fastest database on earth.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

yes

SQL 2003 with some extensions

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

JDBC
native C library

MAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC

Supported programming languages

3rd party library
C++
Elixir

3rd party library
Go

3rd party library
Java

3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party library
Kotlin

3rd party library
Nim

3rd party library
Perl

3rd party library
PHP

3rd party library
Python

3rd party library
R

3rd party library
Ruby

3rd party library
Rust
Scala

3rd party library

Java

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

Clojure
Java
Python

C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

Coprocessors in Java

yes

yes, in SQL, C, R

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

key based and custom

none

Sharding

yes

depending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)

Sharding via remote tables

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

none

Source-replica replication available in experimental status

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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