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DBMS > ClickHouse vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison ClickHouse vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameClickHouse  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Firestore  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.Cloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsTime Series DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score15.55
Rank#38  Overall
#23  Relational DBMS
Score7.36
Rank#53  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websiteclickhouse.comfirebase.google.com/­products/­firestoreazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationclickhouse.com/­docsfirebase.google.com/­docs/­firestoredocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperClickhouse Inc.GoogleMicrosoftMicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release20162017201920102016
Current releasev24.4.1.2088-stable, May 2024cloud service with continuous releasesV12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
  • ClickHouse Cloud: Get the performance you love from open source ClickHouse in a serverless offering that takes care of the details so you can spend more time getting insight out of the fastest database on earth.
  • Aiven for Clickhouse: Managed cloud data warehousing with high-speed analytics.
  • DoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale.
Implementation languageC++C++C++
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
macOS
hostedhostedhostedhosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLClose to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)noKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol
Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC# info3rd party library
C++
Elixir info3rd party library
Go info3rd party library
Java info3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party library
Kotlin info3rd party library
Nim info3rd party library
Perl info3rd party library
PHP info3rd party library
Python info3rd party library
R info3rd party library
Ruby info3rd party library
Rust
Scala info3rd party library
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes, Firebase Rules & Cloud FunctionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQLTransact SQL
Triggersnoyes, with Cloud Functionsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeskey based and customShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesAsynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.Multi-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes, with always 3 replicas availableyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoUsing Cloud DataflowSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyesnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.Azure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes

More information provided by the system vendor

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Related products and services
3rd partiesAiven for Clickhouse: Managed cloud data warehousing with high-speed analytics.
» more

DoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale.
» more

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
ClickHouseGoogle Cloud FirestoreMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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