DBMS > Citus vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. mSQL vs. SAP HANA vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. mSQL vs. SAP HANA vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

mSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMS

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

A key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1.27
Rank	#167	Overall
	#77	Relational DBMS

Score	44.69
Rank	#22	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#60	Key-value stores

Website

www.citusdata.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

hughestech.com.au/products/msql

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

github.com/bytedance/terarkdb

Technical documentation

docs.citusdata.com

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

help.sap.com/hana

bytedance.larkoffice.com/docs/doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc

Developer

Microsoft

Hughes Technologies

SAP

ByteDance, originally Terark

Initial release

2010

1989

1994

2010

2016

Current release

8.1, December 2018

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

4.4, October 2021

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

free licenses can be provided

commercial

restricted open source version available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Appliance or cloud-service

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

no subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggers

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

JDBC
ODBC

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

SQLScript, R

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

yes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

none

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

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