DBMS > Citus vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Postgres-XL vs. Titan vs. UniData,UniVerse

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Postgres-XL vs. Titan vs. UniData,UniVerse

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.

Description

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.

MultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilities

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Multivalue DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.49
Rank	#256	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Score	3.16
Rank	#97	Overall
	#2	Multivalue DBMS

Website

www.citusdata.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.postgres-xl.org

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan

www.rocketsoftware.com/products/rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/rocket-unidata

Technical documentation

docs.citusdata.com

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan/wiki

docs.rocketsoftware.com/bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidata

Developer

Microsoft

Aurelius, owned by DataStax

Rocket Software

Initial release

2010

1989

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

2012

1985

Current release

8.1, December 2018

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

10 R1, October 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Mozilla public license

Open Source

Apache license, version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
Windows

Linux
macOS

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

optional

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

Java API

JPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Clojure
Java
Python

.Net
Basic

U2 Basic
C
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

user defined functions

yes

Triggers

yes

U2 Basic

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

horizontal partitioning

yes

via pluggable storage backends

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graph

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

MVCC

ACID

configurable

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

Access rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based

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