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DBMS > Citus vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. MonetDB vs. Realm vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. MonetDB vs. Realm vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonMonetDB  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA relational database management system that stores data in columnsA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#145  Overall
#67  Relational DBMS
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitewww.citusdata.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.monetdb.orgrealm.iowww.stardog.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.monetdb.org/­Documentationrealm.io/­docsdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperMicrosoftMonetDB BVRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019Stardog-Union
Initial release20102010200420142010
Current release8.1, December 2018V12Dec2023 (11.49), December 20237.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialOpen Source infoMozilla Public License 2.0Open Sourcecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++CJava
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesnono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesyes infoSQL 2003 with some extensionsnoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
native C library infoMAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Transact SQLyes, in SQL, C, Rno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyesyesyesyes infoChange Listenersyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding via remote tablesnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes, with always 3 replicas availablenone infoSource-replica replication available in experimental statusnoneMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoIn-Memory realmyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
CitusMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureMonetDBRealmStardog
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