DB-EnginesextremeDB - solve IoT connectivity disruptionsEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by Redgate Software

DBMS > Citus vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Postgres-XL vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Postgres-XL vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.13
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score18.98
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.43
Rank#260  Overall
#119  Relational DBMS
Score9.62
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.postgres-xl.orgwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release2010201020162014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB2005
Current release8.1, December 2018V1210 R1, October 201812.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoMozilla public licensecommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++C++CC++
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedhostedLinux
macOS
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesyesYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesnoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesyesyes infodistributed, parallel query executionFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Transact SQLTransact SQLuser defined functionsyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersyesyesnoyesyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding, horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes, with always 3 replicas availableyesMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infoMVCCACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
CitusMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostgres-XLVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
DB-Engines blog posts

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2020
4 January 2021, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates
12 December 2019, Paul Andlinger

The popularity of cloud-based DBMSs has increased tenfold in four years
7 February 2017, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Recent citations in the news

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, re-affirming its commitment to Open Source and accelerating Azure PostgreSQL performance and scale
24 January 2019, blogs.microsoft.com

Ubicloud wants to build an open source alternative to AWS
5 March 2024, TechCrunch

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, creators of a cloud-friendly version of the PostgreSQL database
24 January 2019, GeekWire

Microsoft acquires another open-source company, Citus Data
24 January 2019, CNBC

Citus Data Announces Citus Cloud Database Support for HIPAA and SOC 2 Type 2 Compliance
13 November 2018, Business Wire

provided by Google News

Public Preview: New Azure SQL Database skills introduced to Microsoft Copilot in Azure
21 May 2024, azure.microsoft.com

General availability: Azure SQL updates for late-May 2024
21 May 2024, azure.microsoft.com

Public Preview: Azure SQL updates for late-May 2024
21 May 2024, azure.microsoft.com

Copilot in Azure SQL Database in Private Preview
27 March 2024, InfoQ.com

Getting started with delivering generative AI capabilities in SQL Server and Azure SQL
26 June 2024, Microsoft

provided by Google News

General Available: Azure Synapse Runtime for Apache Spark 3.4 is now GA
8 April 2024, azure.microsoft.com

Azure Synapse Runtime for Apache Spark 3.2 End of Support
22 March 2024, azure.microsoft.com

Azure Synapse vs. Databricks: Data Platform Comparison 2024
26 March 2024, eWeek

Migrate Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics to Amazon Redshift using AWS SCT
18 October 2023, AWS Blog

Announcing the retirement of SQL Server Stretch Database
3 July 2024, Microsoft

provided by Google News

Vertica on Kubernetes
20 June 2024, OpenText

What’s New in OpenText Vertica
10 January 2024, OpenText

Stonebraker Seeks to Invert the Computing Paradigm with DBOS
12 March 2024, Datanami

MapR Hadoop Upgrade Spins YARN, Supports HP Vertica Analytics Platform
31 May 2024, Data Center Knowledge

Querying a Vertica data source in Amazon Athena using the Athena Federated Query SDK
11 February 2021, AWS Blog

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

RaimaDB logo

RaimaDB, embedded database for mission-critical applications. When performance, footprint and reliability matters.
Try RaimaDB for free.

SingleStore logo

The data platform to build your intelligent applications.
Try it free.

Present your product here