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DBMS > Citus vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Quasardb vs. Sequoiadb

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Quasardb vs. Sequoiadb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonQuasardb  Xexclude from comparisonSequoiadb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLFully managed big data interactive analytics platformDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerDistributed, high-performance timeseries databaseNewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.14
Rank#332  Overall
#29  Time Series DBMS
Score0.45
Rank#261  Overall
#41  Document stores
#122  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasequasar.aiwww.sequoiadb.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldoc.quasar.ai/­masterwww.sequoiadb.com/­en/­index.php?m=Files&a=index
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftquasardbSequoiadb Ltd.
Initial release20102019201020092013
Current release8.1, December 2018cloud service with continuous releasesV123.14.1, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialcommercialcommercial infoFree community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licensesOpen Source infoServer: AGPL; Client: Apache V2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++C++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedhostedBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes infointeger and binaryyes infooid, date, timestamp, binary, regex
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes infowith tagsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesSQL-like query languageSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP APIproprietary protocol using JSON
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQLnoJavaScript
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoconsistent hashingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replication with selectable replication factorSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknowith Hadoop integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDDocument is locked during a transaction
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby using LevelDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoTransient modeno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardCryptographically strong user authentication and audit trailsimple password-based access control

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More resources
CitusMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureQuasardbSequoiadb
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