DBMS > Citus vs. Immudb vs. ScyllaDB vs. SQLite vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Immudb vs. ScyllaDB vs. SQLite vs. Transbase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Cassandra and DynamoDB compatible wide column store

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

A resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.15
Rank	#117	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	0.31
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	4.08
Rank	#76	Overall
	#5	Wide column stores

Score	111.41
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Score	0.17
Rank	#334	Overall
	#148	Relational DBMS

Website

www.citusdata.com

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.scylladb.com

www.sqlite.org

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase.html

Technical documentation

docs.citusdata.com

docs.immudb.io

docs.scylladb.com

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase/features.html

Developer

Codenotary

ScyllaDB

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Transaction Software GmbH

Initial release

2010

2020

2015

2000

1987

Current release

8.1, December 2018

1.2.3, April 2022

ScyllaDB Open Source 5.4.1, January 2024

3.46.0 (23 May 2024), May 2024

Transbase 8.3, 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Open Source (AGPL), commercial license available

Open Source

Public Domain

commercial

free development license

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Scylla Cloud: Create real-time applications that run at global scale with Scylla Cloud, the industry’s most powerful NoSQL DBaaS

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux

server-less

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

cluster global secondary indices

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

SQL-like syntax

SQL-like DML and DDL statements (CQL)

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

Proprietary protocol (CQL)

compatible with CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Thrift

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

For CQL interface: C#, C++, Clojure, Erlang, Go, Haskell, Java, JavaScript, Node.js, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, Rust, Scala
For DynamoDB interface: .Net, ColdFusion, Erlang, Groovy, Java, JavaScript, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes, Lua

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Tunable Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

in-memory tables

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users can be defined per object

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

ScyllaDB is engineered to deliver predictable performance at scale. It’s adopted...
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Competitive advantages

Highly-performant (efficiently utilizes full resources of a node and network; millions...
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Typical application scenarios

ScyllaDB is ideal for applications that require high throughput and low latency at...
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Key customers

Discord, Epic Games, Expedia, Zillow, Comcast, Disney+ Hotstar, Samsung, ShareChat,...
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Market metrics

ScyllaDB typically offers ~75% total cost of ownership savings, with ~5X higher throughput...
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Licensing and pricing models

ScyllaDB Open Source - free open source software (AGPL) ScyllaDB Enterprise - subscription-based...
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.