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DBMS > Citus vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle Rdb vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle Rdb vs. Postgres-XL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Microsofts flagship relational DBMSBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1.08
Rank#184  Overall
#85  Relational DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.htmlwww.postgres-xl.org
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdocs.immudb.iolearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.htmlwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentation
DeveloperCodenotaryMicrosoftOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)
Initial release20102020198919842014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB
Current release8.1, December 20181.2.3, April 2022SQL Server 2022, November 20227.4.1.1, 202110 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoMozilla public license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageCGoC++C
Server operating systemsLinuxBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Windows
HP Open VMSLinux
macOS
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyesnoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like syntaxyesyesyes infodistributed, parallel query execution
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functions
Triggersyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationhorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDyes, on a single nodeACID infoMVCC
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CitusImmudbMicrosoft SQL ServerOracle RdbPostgres-XL
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