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DBMS > Citus vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. TerminusDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.13
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score3.14
Rank#85  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.19
Rank#311  Overall
#27  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comhsqldb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseterminusdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperMicrosoftDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release2010200120102018
Current release8.1, December 20182.7.2, June 2023V1211.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercialOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJavaC++Prolog, Rust
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modeshostedLinux
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesyesSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java, SQLTransact SQLyes
Triggersyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneyes, with always 3 replicas availableJournaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control

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More resources
CitusHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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Recent citations in the news

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, re-affirming its commitment to Open Source and accelerating Azure PostgreSQL performance and scale
24 January 2019, Microsoft

Ubicloud wants to build an open source alternative to AWS
5 March 2024, TechCrunch

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, creators of a cloud-friendly version of the PostgreSQL database
24 January 2019, GeekWire

Microsoft buys an open source database startup to give it an edge against Amazon Web Services
24 January 2019, Business Insider

Microsoft acquires another open-source company, Citus Data
24 January 2019, CNBC

provided by Google News

HyperSQL DataBase flaw leaves library vulnerable to RCE
24 October 2022, The Daily Swig

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14 November 2022, TheServerSide.com

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Public Preview: New Azure SQL Database skills introduced to Microsoft Copilot in Azure
21 May 2024, Microsoft

Public Preview: Azure SQL updates for late-May 2024
21 May 2024, Microsoft

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21 May 2024, Microsoft

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26 June 2024, Microsoft

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27 March 2024, InfoQ.com

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How TerminusDB is commercializing its open source graph database
16 March 2021, VentureBeat

Trinity College spinout TerminusDB secures €3.6m in investment
15 March 2021, The Irish Times

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