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DBMS > Citus vs. Heroic vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Kingbase vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Heroic vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Kingbase vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchDatabase as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBAn enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score0.45
Rank#262  Overall
#123  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­spotify/­heroicwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantwww.kingbase.com.cnwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comspotify.github.io/­heroiccloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperSpotifyIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014BeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20102014201019991989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release8.1, December 2018V8.0, August 202116.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJavaErlangC and JavaC
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinux
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonoyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia Elasticsearchyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnonoStandard with numerous extensionsyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesnoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnono infoatomic operations within a document possibleACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoOptimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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CitusHeroicIBM CloudantKingbasePostgreSQL
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