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DBMS > Citus vs. Hazelcast vs. PostgreSQL vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Hazelcast vs. PostgreSQL vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA widely adopted in-memory data gridWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score5.97
Rank#57  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.86
Rank#203  Overall
#34  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comhazelcast.comwww.postgresql.orgsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comhazelcast.org/­imdg/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docssurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperHazelcastPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release201020081989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2022
Current release8.1, December 20185.3.6, November 202316.3, May 2024v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJavaCRust
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Servicesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesyes infoEventsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoReplicated MapSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
CitusHazelcastPostgreSQLSurrealDB
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