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DBMS > Citus vs. HBase vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Access vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. HBase vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Access vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableIn-memory JavaScript DBMSMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score30.50
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score0.43
Rank#264  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score104.92
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.citusdata.comhbase.apache.orggithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accessvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comhbase.apache.org/­book.htmltechfort.github.io/­LokiJSdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accessdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetMicrosoftOpenLink Software
Initial release20102008201419921998
Current release8.1, December 20182.3.4, January 20211902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 20197.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Sourcecommercial infoBundled with Microsoft OfficeOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJavaJavaScriptC++C
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Windows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free, schema definition possibleschema-freeyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnonoyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
JavaScript APIADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
JavaScriptC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infoCoprocessors in JavaView functions in JavaScriptyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesyesyesyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonenoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
nonenoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyesnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)no infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACID infobut no files for transaction loggingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yes infobut no files for transaction loggingyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACnono infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003Fine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
CitusHBaseLokiJSMicrosoft AccessVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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CitusHBaseLokiJSMicrosoft AccessVirtuoso
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