DBMS > Citus vs. HBase vs. LMDB vs. MySQL

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. HBase vs. LMDB vs. MySQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database library

Widely used open source RDBMS

Primary database model

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	30.50
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	1.99
Rank	#125	Overall
	#21	Key-value stores

Score	1083.74
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Website

www.citusdata.com

hbase.apache.org

www.symas.com/symas-embedded-database-lmdb

www.mysql.com

Technical documentation

docs.citusdata.com

hbase.apache.org/book.html

www.lmdb.tech/doc

dev.mysql.com/doc

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Symas

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Initial release

2010

2008

2011

1995

Current release

8.1, December 2018

2.3.4, January 2021

0.9.32, January 2024

8.4.0, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

Linux
Unix
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free, schema definition possible

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes

Coprocessors in Java

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

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