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DBMS > Citus vs. etcd vs. H2 vs. HarperDB vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. etcd vs. H2 vs. HarperDB vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA distributed reliable key-value storeFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.A time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument storeTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score0.55
Rank#248  Overall
#38  Document stores
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.cometcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
www.h2database.comwww.harperdb.iowww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.cometcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
www.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.harperdb.io/­docsdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperThomas MuellerHarperDBTimescale
Initial release2010200520172017
Current release8.1, December 20183.4, August 20192.2.220, July 20233.1, August 20212.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial infofree community edition availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCGoJavaNode.jsC
Server operating systemsLinuxFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesdynamic schemayes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes infoJSON data typesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynononoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoyesSQL-like data manipulation statementsyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
Java.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsCustom Functions infosince release 3.1user defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyesyes, watching key changesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneA table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a clusteryes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be definedSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDAtomic execution of specific operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, using LMDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CitusetcdH2HarperDBTimescaleDB
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