DBMS > Citus vs. dBASE vs. GBase vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. dBASE vs. GBase vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

dBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.

Widely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	10.34
Rank	#44	Overall
	#28	Relational DBMS

Score	1.07
Rank	#185	Overall
	#86	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Website

www.citusdata.com

www.dbase.com

www.gbase.cn

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

Technical documentation

docs.citusdata.com

www.dbase.com/support/knowledgebase

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

Asthon Tate

General Data Technology Co., Ltd.

Microsoft

Initial release

2010

1979

2004

1989

Current release

8.1, December 2018

dBASE 2019, 2019

GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C, Java, Python

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

DOS

dBase Classic
Windows

dBase Pro

Linux

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

Standard with numerous extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

none

The IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.

ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

dBase proprietary IDE

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

The IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.

user defined functions

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

none

yes

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMS

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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