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DBMS > Citus vs. Elasticsearch vs. Stardog vs. Tarantool

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Elasticsearch vs. Stardog vs. Tarantool

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationIn-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score1.72
Rank#144  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#66  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.stardog.comwww.tarantool.io
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmldocs.stardog.comwww.tarantool.io/­en/­doc
DeveloperElasticStardog-UnionVK
Initial release2010201020102008
Current release8.1, December 20188.6, January 20237.3.0, May 20202.10.0, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoElastic Licensecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJavaJavaC and C++
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMLinux
macOS
Windows
BSD
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportFlexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesstring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like query languageYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL ServerFull-featured ANSI SQL support
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Open binary protocol
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in JavaLua, C and SQL stored procedures
Triggersyesyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes infovia event handlersyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop Connectorno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterCasual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes inforelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, cooperative multitasking
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, write ahead logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationyesyes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesAccess Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles

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More resources
CitusElasticsearchStardogTarantool
DB-Engines blog posts

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2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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9 November 2021,  Vladimir Perepelytsya, Tarantool (sponsor) 

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