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DBMS > Citus vs. Elasticsearch vs. Hazelcast vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Elasticsearch vs. Hazelcast vs. TimescaleDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricA widely adopted in-memory data gridA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineKey-value storeTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score5.46
Rank#61  Overall
#7  Key-value stores
Score4.46
Rank#71  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchhazelcast.comwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlhazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperElasticHazelcastTimescale
Initial release2010201020082017
Current release8.1, December 20188.6, January 20235.3.6, November 20232.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJavaJavaC
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like query languageSQL-like query languageyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Servicesuser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyesyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes infoEventsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesyes infoReplicated MapSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop Connectoryesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CitusElasticsearchHazelcastTimescaleDB
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