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DBMS > Citus vs. EXASOL vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OceanBase vs. Qdrant

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. EXASOL vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OceanBase vs. Qdrant

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOceanBase  Xexclude from comparisonQdrant  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformA distributed, high available RDBMS compatible with Oracle and MySQLA high-performance vector database with neural network or semantic-based matching
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#124  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score1.66
Rank#147  Overall
#68  Relational DBMS
Score1.16
Rank#175  Overall
#6  Vector DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comwww.exasol.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-exploreren.oceanbase.comgithub.com/­qdrant/­qdrant
qdrant.tech
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comwww.exasol.com/­resourcesdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-exploreren.oceanbase.com/­docs/­oceanbase-databaseqdrant.tech/­documentation
DeveloperExasolMicrosoftOceanBase infopreviously Alibaba and Ant GroupQdrant
Initial release20102000201920102021
Current release8.1, December 2018cloud service with continuous releases4.3.0, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoCommercial license availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++Rust
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinuxDocker
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesNumbers, Strings, Geo, Boolean
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes infoKeywords, numberic ranges, geo, full-text
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesno
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Proprietary native API
Table API
gRPC
OpenAPI 3.0
RESTful HTTP/JSON API infoOpenAPI 3.0
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
Lua
Python
R
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Ada infoin MySQL-compatible model
C infoin Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
C++ infoin Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
D infoin MySQL-compatible model
Delphi infoin MySQL-compatible model
Eiffel infoin MySQL-compatible model
Erlang infoin MySQL-compatible model
Haskell infoin MySQL-compatible model
Java infoin Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
JavaScript (Node.js) infoin MySQL-compatible model
Objective-C infoin MySQL-compatible model
OCaml infoin MySQL-compatible model
Perl infoin MySQL-compatible model
PHP infoin MySQL-compatible model
Python infoin MySQL-compatible model
Ruby infoin MySQL-compatible model
Scheme infoin MySQL-compatible model
Tcl infoin MySQL-compatible model
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RPL/SQL in oracle-compatible mode, MySQL Stored Procedure in mysql-compatible mode
Triggersyesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning (by hash, key, range, range columns, list, and list columns)Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication using PaxosCollection-level replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoHadoop integrationSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency, tunable consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardKey-based authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
CitusEXASOLMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOceanBaseQdrant
Specific characteristicsOceanBase Database is the world’s only native distributed database that has set new...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh Availability : The five IDCs across three sites disaster recovery solution sets...
» more
Key customersOceanBase Database has helped over 400 customers across industries upgrade their...
» more
Market metricsTPC-C No.1 Performance , achieved a result of 707.35 million tpmC in the TPC-C benchmark...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMulan PubL v2 license for open source community edition. Commercial license for enterprise...
» more

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CitusEXASOLMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOceanBaseQdrant
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