DBMS > Citus vs. Dgraph vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Access vs. MySQL

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Dgraph vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Access vs. MySQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Microsoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries.

The Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)

Widely used open source RDBMS

Primary database model

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.43
Rank	#264	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	104.92
Rank	#11	Overall
	#8	Relational DBMS

Score	1083.74
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Website

www.citusdata.com

dgraph.io

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/access

www.mysql.com

Technical documentation

docs.citusdata.com

dgraph.io/docs

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

developer.microsoft.com/en-us/access

dev.mysql.com/doc

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Microsoft

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Initial release

2010

2016

2014

1992

1995

Current release

8.1, December 2018

1902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019

8.3.0, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

commercial

Bundled with Microsoft Office

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Database as a Service

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Implementation language

JavaScript

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Windows

Not a real database server, but making use of DLLs

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

but not compliant to any SQL standard

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JavaScript API

ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

JavaScript

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

View functions in JavaScript

yes

since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

none

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Synchronous replication via Raft

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a single collection possible

ACID

but no files for transaction logging

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

but no files for transaction logging

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Planned for future releases

a simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

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