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DBMS > Citus vs. Dgraph vs. Immudb vs. PieCloudDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Dgraph vs. Immudb vs. PieCloudDB vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonPieCloudDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.A cloud-native analytic database platform with new technologoy for elastic MPPWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score0.32
Rank#289  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comdgraph.iogithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.openpie.comwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdgraph.io/­docsdocs.immudb.iowww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.CodenotaryOpenPiePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2010201620201989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release8.1, December 20181.2.3, April 20222.1, January 202316.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCGoGoC
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoSQL-like syntaxyesyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
PL/SQL
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nonouser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyesShardingyespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSynchronous replication via RaftyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno infoPlanned for future releasesUser Roles and pluggable authentication with full SQL Standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
CitusDgraphImmudbPieCloudDBPostgreSQL
Specific characteristicsPieCloudDB, OpenPie's flagship product, is a cutting-edge cloud-native data warehouse....
» more
Competitive advantagesExtreme Elastic: PieCloudDB utilizes a cutting-edge eMPP cloud-native architecture...
» more
Typical application scenariosPieCloudDB is ideal for Data mining applications that require extreme scalability...
» more
Key customersSail-Cloud China Shipbuilding Group Haizhou System Soochow Securities ​etc.,
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsPieCloudDB Community Edition: Community License, Free Download, Self-Hosted Deployment;...
» more

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More resources
CitusDgraphImmudbPieCloudDBPostgreSQL
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