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DBMS > Citus vs. Derby vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. NuoDB

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Derby vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. NuoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMSDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score4.71
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comdb.apache.org/­derbydgraph.ioazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-database
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmldgraph.io/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldoc.nuodb.com
DeveloperApache Software FoundationDgraph Labs, Inc.MicrosoftDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.
Initial release20101997201620102013
Current release8.1, December 201810.17.1.0, November 2023V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial infolimited edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJavaGoC++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesnoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesnoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBCGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java Stored ProceduresnoTransact SQLJava, SQL
Triggersyesyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneyesdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replicationSynchronous replication via Raftyes, with always 3 replicas availableyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDB
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID infotunable commit protocol
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

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More resources
CitusDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBDgraphMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureNuoDB
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