DBMS > Citus vs. CouchDB vs. DolphinDB vs. Graph Engine vs. H2

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. CouchDB vs. DolphinDB vs. Graph Engine vs. H2

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.

DolphinDB is a high performance Time Series DBMS. It is integrated with an easy-to-use fully featured programming language and a high-volume high-velocity streaming analytics system. It offers operational simplicity, scalability, fault tolerance, and concurrency.

A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engine

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Time Series DBMS

Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	9.30
Rank	#45	Overall
	#7	Document stores

Score	4.13
Rank	#80	Overall
	#6	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.61
Rank	#240	Overall
	#21	Graph DBMS
	#35	Key-value stores

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

docs.citusdata.com

docs.couchdb.org/en/stable

docs.dolphindb.cn/en/help200/index.html

www.graphengine.io/docs/manual

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developer

DolphinDB, Inc

Microsoft

Thomas Mueller

Initial release

2010

2005

2018

2010

2005

Current release

8.1, December 2018

3.3.3, December 2023

v2.00.4, January 2022

2.2.220, July 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

free community version available

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Erlang

C++

.NET and C

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
Windows

.NET

All OS with a Java VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
JSON over HTTP
Kafka
MQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Transport)
ODBC
OPC DA
OPC UA
RabbitMQ
WebSocket

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
MatLab
Python
R
Rust

C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic

Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

View functions in JavaScript

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

improved architecture with release 2.0

horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a single document possible

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

strategy: optimistic locking

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storage

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Administrators, Users, Groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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