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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Vertica vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Vertica vs. Weaviate

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMS infoColumn orientedVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score10.68
Rank#43  Overall
#27  Relational DBMS
Score1.73
Rank#143  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.vertica.comgithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestvertica.com/­documentationweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett PackardWeaviate B.V.
Initial release200820052019
Current release4.1.3, July 202312.0.3, January 20231.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containersno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC++Go
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.yes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.yes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)Full 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.GraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differencesno
Triggersyesyes, called Custom Alertsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"horizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesno infoBi-directional Spark integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hashAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™Weaviate
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Deploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
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Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Fast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Communication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
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As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Abiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
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All companies that have data. ​
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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Cost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
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Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
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