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DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. Neo4j vs. Oracle Rdb vs. OrientDB vs. TempoIQ

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. Neo4j vs. Oracle Rdb vs. OrientDB vs. TempoIQ

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB  Xexclude from comparison
TempoIQ seems to be decommissioned. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Scalable analytics DBMS for sensor data, provided as a service (SaaS)
Primary database modelWide column storeGraph DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.94
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score42.68
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score1.04
Rank#184  Overall
#84  Relational DBMS
Score3.02
Rank#88  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#12  Key-value stores
Websitecassandra.apache.orgneo4j.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.htmlorientdb.orgtempoiq.com (offline)
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestneo4j.com/­docswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.htmlwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookNeo4j, Inc.Oracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPTempoIQ
Initial release20082007198420102012
Current release5.0-rc1, July 20245.23, August 20247.4.1.1, 20213.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaJava, ScalaJava
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
HP Open VMSAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and schema-optionalFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)schema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noyesSQL-like query language, no joinsno
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoUser defined Procedures and FunctionsJava, Javascriptno
Triggersyesyes infovia event handlerHooksyes infoRealtime Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"yes using Neo4j FabricSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes inforelationship in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDyes, on a single nodeACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurablesimple authentication-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache CassandraNeo4jOracle RdbOrientDBTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
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Market metricsApache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
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