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DBMS > Cassandra vs. JanusGraph vs. Neo4j vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. JanusGraph vs. Neo4j vs. VelocityDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonVelocityDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters infoIt was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsA .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)
Primary database modelWide column storeGraph DBMSGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score1.94
Rank#129  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.05
Rank#358  Overall
#36  Graph DBMS
#16  Object oriented DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgjanusgraph.orgneo4j.comvelocitydb.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.janusgraph.orgneo4j.com/­docsvelocitydb.com/­UserGuide
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookLinux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by AureliusNeo4j, Inc.VelocityDB Inc
Initial release2008201720072011
Current release4.1.3, July 20230.6.3, February 20235.19, April 20247.x
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaJavaJava, ScalaC#
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Any that supports .NET
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free and schema-optionalyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)nonono
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
.Net
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
Java
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsno
Triggersyesyesyes infovia event handlerCallbacks are triggered when data changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"yes infodepending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)yes using Neo4j FabricSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version only
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics enginenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph ServerUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Based on Windows Authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraJanusGraph infosuccessor of TitanNeo4jVelocityDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
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