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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Milvus vs. QuestDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Milvus vs. QuestDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesA high performance open source SQL database for time series data
Primary database modelWide column storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSVector DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orggithub.com/­spotify/­heroicazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsmilvus.ioquestdb.io
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestspotify.github.io/­heroicdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdquestdb.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookSpotifyMicrosoftQuestDB Technology Inc
Initial release20082014201620192014
Current release4.1.3, July 20232.3.4, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++C++, GoJava (Zero-GC), C++, Rust
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesVector, Numeric and Stringyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes infovia Elasticsearchyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noyesnoSQL with time-series extensions
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIHTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
Java
PHP
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoTransact SQLnono
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningShardinghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyesyesSource-replica replication with eventual consistency
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoACIDnoACID for single-table writes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infothrough memory mapped files
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectyesRole based access control and fine grained access rights
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraHeroicMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseMilvusQuestDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
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Relational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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High ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Financial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
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Banks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
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Open source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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